BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY Robert Calvin "Bobby" Bland (January 27, 1930 – June 23, 2013), né Brooks, also known professionally as Bobby "Blue" Bland, was an American blues singer.
Bland developed a sound that mixed gospel with the blues and R&B.[1] He was described as "among the great storytellers of blues and soul music... [who] created tempestuous arias of love, betrayal and resignation, set against roiling, dramatic orchestrations, and left the listener drained but awed."[2] He was sometimes referred to as the "Lion of the Blues" and as the "Sinatra of the Blues";[3] his music was also influenced by Nat King Cole.[4]
Bland was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 1981, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992, and received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1997.[5] The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame described him as "second in stature only to B.B. King as a product ofMemphis's Beale Street blues scene".[3]
Biography
Early life
Bland was born Robert Calvin Brooks in the small town of Rosemark, Tennessee.[1][6] His father was I. J. Brooks, who abandoned the family not long after Robert's birth. Robert later acquired the name "Bland" from his stepfather, Leroy Bridgeforth, who was also called Leroy Bland.[6] Bobby Bland never went to school, and remained illiterate throughout his life.[7]
After moving to Memphis with his mother in 1947, Bland started singing with local gospel groups there, including amongst others The Miniatures. Eager to expand his interests, he began frequenting the city's famous Beale Street where he became associated with an ad hoc circle of aspiring musicians including B.B. King, Rosco Gordon, Junior Parker andJohnny Ace, who collectively took the name of the Beale Streeters.[1][2][8]
Early career
Between 1950 and 1952, he recorded unsuccessful singles for Modern Records and, at Ike Turner's suggestion, for Sun Records — who licensed their recordings to the Chesslabel — before signing for Duke Records.[7] Bland's recordings from the early 1950s show him striving for individuality, but any progress was halted by a two year spell in the U.S. Army, during which time he performed in a band with singer Eddie Fisher.[9]
When Bland returned to Memphis in 1954 he found several of his former associates, including Johnny Ace, enjoying considerable success. He joined Ace's revue, and returned to Duke Records, which by that time had started to be run by Houston entrepreneur Don Robey. According to biographer Charles Farley, "Robey handed Bobby a new contract, which Bobby could not read, and helped Bobby sign his name on it". The deal gave Bland just half a cent per record sold, instead of the industry standard of 2 cents.[7]
Bland released his first single for Duke in 1955.[8] In 1956 he began touring on the "chitlin' circuit" with Junior Parker in a revue called Blues Consolidated, initially doubling as Parker's valet and driver, roles he also reportedly fulfilled for B.B. King and Rosco Gordon.[10] He began recording for Duke with bandleader Bill Harvey and arranger Joe Scott, asserting his characteristic vocal style and, with Harvey and Scott, beginning to craft the melodic big band blues singles for which he became famous, often accompanied by guitarist Wayne Bennett.[7] Unlike many blues musicians, Bland played no instrument.[3]
Commercial success
His first chart success came in 1957 with the R&B chart no. 1 hit "Farther Up the Road", which also reached no.43 on the Billboard Hot 100, and followed it up with a series of hits on the R&B chart including "Little Boy Blue" (1958).[11] He also shared an album with Parker, Blues Consolidated, in 1958.[2] Bland's craft was most clearly heard on a series of early 1960s releases including "Cry Cry Cry", "I Pity The Fool" — an R&B chart no.1 in 1961 — and "Turn On Your Love Light", which became a much-covered standard. Despite credits to the contrary — often claimed by Robey— many such classic works were written by Joe Scott.[1] Bland also recorded a hit version of T-Bone Walker's "Call It Stormy Monday (But Tuesday Is Just as Bad)", which was wrongly given the title of a different song, "Stormy Monday Blues".[2]
His final R&B No.1 came with "That's The Way Love Is" in 1963.[11] However, he continued to enjoy a consistent run of R&B chart entries throughout the mid-1960s. Never truly breaking into the mainstream market, Bland's highest charting song on the pop chart, "Ain't Nothing You Can Do" peaked at #20 in the same week in 1964 that the Beatles held down the top five spots. Bland's records mostly sold on the R&B market rather than achieving crossover success. He had 23 Top Ten hits on the Billboard R&B charts, and in the 1996 Top R&B book by Joel Whitburn, Bland was ranked the #13 all-time top charting artist.[11]
Later career
Financial pressures forced the singer to cut his touring band and in 1968 the group broke up. He suffered from depression and became increasingly dependent on alcohol,[1] but stopped drinking in 1971. His record company Duke Records was sold by owner Don Robey to the larger ABC Records group. This resulted in several successful and critically acclaimed contemporary blues/soul albums including His California Album and Dreamer, arranged by Michael Omartian and produced by ABC staff man Steve Barri. The albums, including the later "follow-up" in 1977 Reflections in Blue, were all recorded in Los Angeles and featured many of the city's top session musicians at the time.
The first single released from His California Album, "This Time I'm Gone For Good" took Bland back into the pop Top 50 for the first time since 1964 and made the R&B top 10 in late 1973. The lead-off track from Dreamer, "Ain't No Love In the Heart of the City", was a strong R&B hit. Later it would surface again in 1978 by the hard rock band Whitesnakefeaturing singer David Coverdale. Much later it was sampled by Kanye West on Jay-Z's hip hop album The Blueprint (2001). The song is also featured on the soundtrack of the crime drama The Lincoln Lawyer (2011) starring Matthew McConaughey.[12] The follow-up, "I Wouldn't Treat A Dog" was his biggest R&B hit for some years, climbing to #3 in late 1974, but as usual his strength was never the pop chart (where it hit #88). Subsequent attempts at adding a disco/Barry White flavor were mostly unsuccessful. A return to his roots in 1980 for a tribute album to his mentor Joe Scott, produced by music veterans Monk Higgins and Al Bell, resulted in the album Sweet Vibrations, but it failed to sell well outside of his traditional "chitlin circuit" base.
In 1985, Bland was signed by Malaco Records, specialists in traditional Southern black music for whom he made a series of albums while continuing to tour and appear at concerts with fellow blues singer B. B. King. The two had collaborated for two albums in the 1970s. Despite occasional age-related ill health, Bland continued to record new albums for Malaco and perform occasional tours alone, with guitarist/producer Angelo Earl and also with B.B. King, plus appearances at blues and soul festivals worldwide. Bland was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame described him as "second in stature only to B. B. King as a product of Memphis's Beale Street blues scene".[3]
Collaborations and tributes
The Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison was an early adherent of Bland, covering "Turn On Your Love Light" while with the band Them (he later covered "Ain't Nothing You Can't Do" on his 1974 live album It's Too Late to Stop Now) and has on occasion had Bland as a guest singer at his concerts. He also included a previously unreleased version of a March 2000 duet of Morrison and Bland singing "Tupelo Honey" on his 2007 compilation album, The Best of Van Morrison Volume 3.
In 2008 the British singer and lead vocalist of Simply Red, Mick Hucknall, released an album, Tribute to Bobby, containing songs associated with Bland. The album reached 18 in the UK Albums Chart.[13][14]
Death
Bland continued performing until shortly before his death. He died on June 23, 2013, at his home in Germantown, Tennessee, a suburb of Memphis, after what family members described as "an ongoing illness". He was 83.[6][15][16][17] After his death, his son told news media that Bland had recently discovered that musician James Cotton was his half-brother.[6]
Discography
Studio albums
- Two Steps from the Blues (Duke 1961/MCA 2002)
- Here's the Man! - 1962 (Duke Records)
- Call On Me/That's The Way Love Is - 1963 (Duke Records)
- Ain't Nothing You Can Do - 1964 (Duke Records)
- The Soul of The Man - 1966 (Duke Records)
- Touch of The Blues - 1967 (Duke Records)
- Spotlighting The Man - 1969 (Duke Records)
- His California Album - 1973 (Dunhill Records)
- Dreamer - 1974 (Dunhill Records)
- Get On Down - 1975 (ABC Records)
- Reflections In Blue - 1977 (ABC Records)
- Come Fly With Me - 1978 (ABC Records)
- I Feel Good, I Feel Fine - 1979 (MCA Records)
- Sweet Vibrations - 1980 (MCA 27076) (tribute to Joe Scott)
- Try Me, I'm Real - 1981 (MCA 5233)
- Here We Go Again - 1982 (MCA 5297)
- Tell Mr Bland - 1983 (MCA 5425)
- You've Got Me Loving You - 1984 (MCA 52436)
- Members Only - 1985 (Malaco Records)
- After All - 1986 (Malaco Records)
- Blues You Can Use - 1987 (Malaco Records)
- Midnight Run - 1989 (Malaco Records)
- Portrait of the Blues - 1991 (Malaco Records)
- Years of Tears - 1993 (Malaco Records)
- Sad Street - 1995 (Malaco Records)
- Memphis Monday Morning - 1998 (Malaco Records)
- Blues At Midnight - 2003 (Malaco Records)
Live albums[edit]
- Together for the First Time (with B.B. King) - 1974 (ABC)
- Bobby Bland and B. B. King Together Again...Live - 1976 (ABC)
- Live On Beale Street - 1998 (Malaco Records)
Collaborative album
- Blues Consolidated - 1958 (Duke Records) (with Junior Parker)
Compilations
- The Best Of - 1967 (Duke Records)
- The Best Of Volume 2 - 1968 (Duke Records)
- First Class Blues - 1987 (Malaco Records)
- The Anthology - 2001 (MCA Records)
- I Pity the Fool / The Duke Recordings, Vol. 1 (MCA, 1992)
- Turn on Your Love Light / The Duke Recordings Vol. 2
- That Did It! The Duke Recordings Vol. 3
Singles
| Year | A-side | B-side | Label | Chart Positions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US Pop[18] | US R&B[11] | ||||
| 1952 | "Crying All Night Long" | "Dry Up Baby" | Chess | - | - |
| "Good Lovin'" | "Drifting From Town To Town" | Modern | - | - | |
| "Crying" | "A Letter From A Trench In Korea" | Chess | - | - | |
| "Lovin' Blues" | "I.O.U. Blues" | Duke | - | - | |
| 1953 | "Army Blues" | "No Blow, No Show" | - | - | |
| 1955 | "Time Out" | "It's My Life Baby" | - | - | |
| "You Or None" | "Woke Up Screaming" | - | - | ||
| 1956 | "I Can't Put You Down" | "You've Got Bad Intentions" | - | - | |
| "I Learned My Lesson" | "I Don't Believe" | - | - | ||
| 1957 | "Don't Want No Woman" | "I Smell Trouble" | - | - | |
| "Farther Up the Road" | "Sometime Tomorrow" | 43 | 1 | ||
| "Teach Me (How To Love You)" | "Bobby's Blues" | - | - | ||
| 1958 | "You Got Me Where You Want Me" | "Loan A Helping Hand" | - | - | |
| "Little Boy Blue" | "Last Night" | - | 10 | ||
| 1959 | "You Did Me Wrong" | "I Lost Sight Of The World" | - | - | |
| "I'm Not Ashamed" | "Wishing Well" | - | 13 | ||
| "Is It Real" | "Someday" | - | 28 | ||
| "I'll Take Care of You" | "That's Why" | 89 | 2 | ||
| 1960 | "Lead Me On" | "Hold Me Tenderly" | - | 9 | |
| "Cry Cry Cry" | "I've Been Wrong So Long" | 71 | 9 | ||
| 1961 | "I Pity the Fool" | "Close To You" | 46 | 1 | |
| "Don't Cry No More" | "Saint James Infirmary" | 71 | 2 | ||
| "Turn On Your Love Light" | "You're The One (That I Need)" | 28 | 2 | ||
| 1962 | "Ain't That Loving You" | "Jelly, Jelly, Jelly" | 86 | 9 | |
| "Who Will The Next Fool Be" | "Blue Moon" | 76 | 12 | ||
| "Yield Not To Temptation" | "How Does A Cheating Woman Feel" | 56 | 10 | ||
| "Stormy Monday Blues" | "Your Friends" | 43 | 5 | ||
| 1963 | "That's the Way Love Is" | "Call On Me" | 33 / 22 | 1 / 6 | |
| "Sometimes You Gotta Cry A Little" | "You're Worth It All" | 56 | 28 | ||
| "The Feeling Is Gone" | "I Can't Stop Singing" | 91 | n/a[19] | ||
| 1964 | "Ain't Nothing You Can Do" | "Honey Child" | 20 | ||
| "Share Your Love With Me" | "After It's Too Late" | 42 | |||
| "Ain't Doing Too Bad (Part 1)" | "Ain't Doing Too Bad (Part 2)" | 49 | |||
| 1965 | "Blind Man" | "Black Night" | 78 / 99 | ||
| "Ain't No Telling" | "Dust Got In Daddy's Eyes" | 93 / - | 25 / 23 | ||
| "These Hands (Small But Mighty)" | "Today" | 63 | 4 | ||
| 1966 | "I'm Too Far Gone (To Turn Around)" | "If You Could Read My Mind" | 62 | 8 | |
| "Good Time Charlie" | "Good Time Charlie (Working His Groove Bag)" | 75 | 6 | ||
| "Poverty" | "Building A Fire With Rain" | 65 | 9 | ||
| "Back In The Same Old Bag Again" | "I Ain't Myself Anymore" | - | 13 | ||
| 1967 | "You're All I Need" | "Deep In My Soul" | 88 | 6 | |
| "That Did It" | "Getting Used To The Blues" | - | 6 | ||
| "A Touch of the Blues" | "Shoes" | - | 30 | ||
| 1968 | "Driftin' Blues" | "You Could Read My Mind" | 96 | 23 | |
| "Honey Child" | "A Piece Of Gold" | - | - | ||
| "Save Your Love For Me" | "Share Your Love With Me2 | - | 16 | ||
| "Rockin' In The Same Old Boat" | "Wouldn't You Rather Have Me" | 58 | 12 | ||
| 1969 | "Gotta Get To Know You" | "Baby, I'm On My Way" | 91 | 14 | |
| "Chains of Love" | "Ask Me 'Bout Nothing (But The Blues)" | 60 | 9 | ||
| 1970 | "If You've Got A Heart" | "Sad Feeling" | 96 | 10 | |
| "If Love Ruled The World" | "Lover With A Reputation" | - | 16 / 28 | ||
| "Keep On Loving Me (You'll See The Change)" | "I've Just Got To Forget About You" | 89 | 20 | ||
| 1971 | "I'm Sorry" | "Yum Yum Tree" | 97 | 18 | |
| "Shape Up Or Ship Out" | "The Love That We Share (Is True)" | - | - | ||
| 1972 | "Do What You Set Out To Do" | "Ain't Nothing You Can Do" | 64 | 6 | |
| "I'm So Tired" | "If You Could Read My Mind" | - | 36 | ||
| 1973 | "That's All There Is (There Ain't No More)" | "I Don't Want Another Mountain To Climb" | 42 | 5 | |
| "This Time I'm Gone For Good" | "Where Baby Went" | Dunhill | 42 | 5 | |
| 1974 | "Goin' Down Slow" | "Up And Down World" | 69 | 17 | |
| "Ain't No Love In The Heart Of The City" | "Twenty-Four Hour Blues" | 91 | 9 | ||
| "I Wouldn't Treat A Dog (The Way You Treated Me)" | "I Ain't Gonna Be (The First To Cry)" | 88 | 3 | ||
| 1975 | "Yolanda" | "When You Come To The End Of Your Road" | ABC | - | 21 |
| "I Take It On Home" | "You've Never Been This Far Before" | - | 41 | ||
| 1976 | "Today I Started Loving You Again" | "Too Far Gone" | - | 34 | |
| "It Ain't The Real Thing" | "Who's Foolin' Who" | - | 12 | ||
| "Let The Good Times Roll" Bobby Bland & B. B. King | "Strange Things Happening" | ABC Impulse | - | 20 | |
| 1977 | "The Soul of a Man" | "If I Weren't A Gambler" | ABC | - | 18 |
| 1978 | "Sittin' On A Poor Man's Throne" | "I Intend To Take Your Place" | - | 82 | |
| "Love To See You Smile" | "I'm Just Your Man" | - | 14 | ||
| "Come Fly With Me" | "Ain't God Something" | - | 55 | ||
| 1979 | "Tit For Tat" | "Come Fly With Me" | MCA | - | 71 |
| 1980 | "Soon As The Weather Breaks" | "To Be Friends" | - | 76 | |
| 1981 | "You'd Be A Millionaire" | "Swat Vibrator" | - | 92 | |
| 1982 | "What A Difference A Day Makes" | "Givin' Up The Streets For Love" | - | - | |
| "Recess In Heaven" | "Exactly, Where It's At" | - | 40 | ||
| "Here We Go Again" | "You're About To Win" | - | - | ||
| 1983 | "Is This The Blues" | "You're About To Win" | - | - | |
| "If It Ain't One Thing" | "Tell Mr. Bland" | - | - | ||
| 1984 | "Looking Back" | "You Got Me Loving You" | - | - | |
| "Get Real Clean" | "It's Too Bad" | - | - | ||
| "You Are My Christmas" | "New Merry Christmas Baby" | - | - | ||
| 1985 | "Members Only" | "I Just Got To Know" | Malaco | - | 54 |
| 1986 | "Can We Make Love Tonight" | "In The Ghetto" | - | - | |
| 1988 | "Get Your Money Where You Spend Your Time" | "For The Last Time" | - | - | |
| "24 Hours A Day" | "I've Got A Problem" | - | - | ||
| 1989 | "You've Got To Hurt Before You Heal" | "I'm Not Ashamed To Sing The Blues" | - | - | |
| "Ain't No Sunshine" | "If I Don't Get Involved" | - | - | ||
| 1990 | "Starting All Over Again" | "Midnight Run" | - | - | |
| "Take Off Your Shoes" | "If I Don't Get Involved" | - | - | ||
| 1992 | "She's Putting Something In My Food" | "Let Love Have It's Way" | - | - | |
| 1993 | "There's A Stranger In My House" | "Hurtin' Time Again" | - | - | |
| 1994 | "I Just Tripped On A Piece Of Your Broken Heart" | "Hole In The Wall" | - | - | |
| 1995 | "Double Trouble" | "Double Trouble (long version)" | - | -                                                                                                                                                         | |
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