BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY
Chaka Khan
| Chaka Khan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Yvette Marie Stevens |
| Also known as | Chaka Adunne Aduffe Hodarhi Karifi Khan Queen of Funk |
| Born | March 23, 1953 Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Genres | |
| Occupation(s) | Singer-songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals |
| Years active | 1970–present |
| Labels | ABC, Warner Bros., Reprise,MCA, NPG, Burgundy |
| Associated acts | Rufus, Prince, Whitney Houston, Stevie Wonder,Ashford & Simpson, George Benson, Luther Vandross |
| Website | www |
Chaka Khan (born Yvette Marie Stevens, March 23, 1953) is an American singer-songwriter whose career has spanned four decades, beginning in the 1970s as the frontwoman and focal point of the funk band Rufus. Widely known as the Queen of Funk, Khan has won ten Grammys and has sold an estimated 70 million records worldwide.[1] She has seven gol singles, seven gold albums, and three platinum albums. Early life
Chaka Khan was born Yvette Marie Stevens on March 23, 1953 into an artistic, bohemian household in Chicago, Illinois. She was the eldest of five children to Charles Stevens and Sandra Coleman, and has described her father Charles as a beatnik and her mother as 'able to do anything'. Raised in the Hyde Park area, 'an island in the middle of the madness' of Chicago's rough South Sidehousing projects.[2] Her sister Yvonne later became a successful musician in her own right under the name Taka Boom. Her only brother, Mark, who formed the funk group Aurra, also became a successful musician. She has two other sisters, Zaheva Stevens and Tammy McCrary, the latter of whom is her current manager.[3]
Chaka Khan was raised as a Catholic. She attributed her love of music to her grandmother, who introduced her to jazz as a child. Khan became a fan of rhythm and blues music as a pre-teen and at eleven formed her first all-female singing group the Crystalettes, which included her sister Taka. In the late 1960s, Khan attended several civil rights rallies with her father's second wife, Connie, a strong supporter of the movement, and joined the Black Panther Party after befriending fellow member, activist and Chicago nativeFred Hampton in 1967.[4] While a member, she was given a name change to Chaka Adunne Aduffe Hodarhi Karifi by an African shaman. In 1969, she left the Panthers, dropped out of high school, having attended Calumet High School and Kenwood High School (now Kenwood Academy),[5] and began to perform in small groups around the Chicago area, first performing with Cash McCall's group Lyfe, which included her then boyfriend Hassan Khan, whom she would later marry.
Khan was asked to replace Baby Huey of Baby Huey & the Babysitters after Huey's death in 1970. Their group disbanded a year later. While performing in local bands in 1972, Khan was spotted by two members of a new group called Rufus and soon won her position in the group, replacing rock and roll singer Paulette McWilliams. They later signed withABC Records in 1973. Prior to Khan signing with the label, she married on-and-off boyfriend Hassan Khan, changing her stage name to Chaka Khan.
Career
1973–1978: Early career with Rufus
In 1973, Rufus released their eponymous debut album. Despite their fiery rendition of Stevie Wonder's "Maybe Your Baby" from Wonder's acclaimed Talking Book and the modest success of the Chaka-led ballad "Whoever's Thrilling You (Is Killing Me)", the album failed to garner attention. That changed when Wonder himself collaborated with the group on a song he had written for Khan. That song, "Tell Me Something Good", became the group's breakthrough hit, reaching number-three on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1974, later winning the group their first Grammy Award. The single's success and the subsequent follow-up, "You Got the Love", which peaked at number eleven on the Billboard Hot 100, helped their second parent album, Rags to Rufus, go platinum, selling over a million copies. From 1974 to 1979, Rufus released six platinum-selling albums includingRufusized, Rufus Featuring Chaka Khan, Ask Rufus, Street Player and Masterjam. Hits the group scored during this time included "Once You Get Started," "Sweet Thing," "Hollywood," "At Midnight (My Love Will Lift You Up)," and "Do You Love What You Feel."
The band gained a reputation as a live performing act with Khan becoming the star attraction, thanks to her powerful vocals and stage attire, which sometimes included Native American garb and showing her midriff. Most of the band's material was written and produced by the band itself with few exceptions. Khan has also been noted for being an instrumentalist playing drums and bass, she also provided percussion during her tenure with Rufus. Most of her compositions were collaborations with guitarist Tony Maiden. Relations between Khan and the group, particularly between her and Andre Fischer, became stormy. Several members left with nearly every release. While Khan remained a member of the group, she signed a solo contract with Warner Bros. Records in 1978. While Khan was busy at work on solo material, Rufus released three albums without her participation including 1979's Numbers, 1980's Party 'Til You're Broke and 1983's Seal in Red.
1978–1983: Early solo career and final years with Rufus
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In 1978, Warner Bros. Records released Khan's solo debut album, which featured the crossover disco hit, "I'm Every Woman", written for her by songwriters Ashford & Simpson. The success of the single helped the album go gold, selling over a million copies. Khan also was a featured performer on Quincy Jones' hit, "Stuff Like That", also released in 1978.
In 1979, Khan reunited with Rufus to collaborate on the Jones-produced Masterjam, which featured their hit, "Do You Love What You Feel", which Khan sang with Tony Maiden. Despite her sometimes-acrimonious relationship with some of her band mates, Khan and Maiden have maintained a friendship over the years. In 1979 she also duetted with Ry Cooder on his album Bop Till You Drop. In 1980, while Rufus releasedParty 'Til You're Broke, again without Khan, she released her second solo album, Naughty, which featured her on the cover with her six-year-old daughter Milini. The album yielded the minor disco hit "Clouds" and the R&B ballad "Papillon".
Also in 1980, she had a cameo appearance as a church choir soloist in The Blues Brothers with John Belushi and Dan Aykroyd. Khan released two albums in 1981, the Rufus release, Camouflage and the album What Cha' Gonna Do for Me. The latter album went gold. The same year, Khan appeared on three tracks on Rick Wakeman's concept album 1984. In 1982, Khan issued two more solo albums, the jazz-oriented Echoes of an Era and a more funk/pop-oriented self-titled album Chaka Khan. The latter album's track, the jazz-inflected "Be Bop Medley", won Khan a Grammy and earned praise from Betty Carter who loved Khan's vocal scatting in the song.[6]
In 1983, following the release of Rufus' final studio album, Seal in Red, which did not feature Khan, the singer returned with Rufus on a live album, Stompin' at the Savoy - Live, which featured the studio single, "Ain't Nobody", which became the group's final charting success reaching number 22 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Hot R&B chart, while also reaching the top ten in the United Kingdom. Following this release, Rufus separated for good.
1984–1996: Solo success
In 1984, Khan released her sixth studio album, I Feel for You. The title track was the first single released. Originally written and recorded by Prince for the eponymous follow-up to his debut album Prince in 1979, it had been previously recorded by The Pointer Sisters and Mary Wells. Khan's version featured a harmonica solo by Stevie Wonder and an introductory rap by Grand master Melle Mel. This version of the song became a million-selling smash in the U.S. and United Kingdom, and it helped to relaunch Khan's career. "I Feel For You" topped not only the U.S. R&B and dance charts, but achieved great success on U.S. pop charts, and reached number one in the United Kingdom as well. The song reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 in December 1984, and remained on that chart for 26 weeks, well into 1985. Additionally, it hit #1 on the Cash Box Top 100 chart. It was listed as Billboard′s number 5 song for the year 1985, and netted Prince the 1985 Grammy Award for Best R&B Song. In addition to the song's successful radio airplay and sales, a music video of Khan with break dancers in an inner-city setting enjoyed heavy airplay on television and helped to solidify Khan's notoriety in popular culture.
Other singles which helped the I Feel For You album to go platinum included "This is my Night" and the ballad "Through the Fire", the latter of which was also very successful on the adult contemporary charts. Khan was featured in Steve Winwood's 1986 number one hit, "Higher Love". That same year, a duet was planned with Robert Palmer for the song "Addicted To Love". However, her manager declined to allow the duet to be released, citing the desire to not have too much product from her in the marketplace at one time; she was still credited for the vocal arrangements in the album's liner notes, and the song became an international hit.[7] Khan followed up her successful I Feel For You album with 1986's Destiny and 1988's CK. Khan found more success in the late 1980s with a remix album, Life is a Dance - The Remix Project, which reached the top ten on the British albums chart. As a result, she performed regularly in the United Kingdom, where she maintained a strong fan base.
In 1990, she was a featured performer on another major hit when she collaborated with Ray Charles and Quincy Jones on a new jack swing cover of The Brothers Johnson's "I'll Be Good to You", which was featured on Jones' Back on the Block. The song reached number-eighteen on the Billboard Hot 100 and number-one on the Hot R&B chart, later winning Ray Charles and Khan a Grammy for Best R&B Vocal Performance By a Duo or Group. Khan returned with her first studio album in four years in 1992 with the release ofThe Woman I Am, which was a success thanks to the R&B songs "Love You All My Lifetime" and "You Can Make the Story Right".
Khan also contributed to soundtracks and worked on a follow-up to The Woman I Am which she titled Dare You to Love Me, which was eventually shelved. In 1995, she and rapper Guru had a hit with the duet "Watch What You Say", in the United Kingdom. That same year, she provided a contemporary R&B cover of the classic standard, "My Funny Valentine", for the Waiting to Exhale soundtrack. In 1996, following the release of her greatest-hits album, Epiphany: The Best of Chaka Khan, Vol. 1, Khan abruptly left Warner Bros. after stating the label had neglected her and failed to release Dare You to Love Me.[8]
Since 1998
In 1998, Khan signed a contract with Prince's NPG Records label and issued Come 2 My House, followed by the single "Don't Talk 2 Strangers", a cover of a 1996 Prince song. Khan later went on a tour with Prince as a co-headlining act. In 2000, Khan departed from NPG and in 2004 released her first jazz covers album in twenty-two years with 2004'sClassiKhan. She also covered "Little Wing" with Kenny Olson on the album Power of Soul: A Tribute to Jimi Hendrix. Three years later, after signing with Burgundy Records, Khan released what many critics called a "comeback album" with Funk This, produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis & Big Jim Wright pic= 990 The album featured the hit, "Angel", and the Mary J. Blige duet, "Disrespectful". The latter track went to number one on the U.S. dance singles chart, winning the singers a Grammy Award, while Funk This also won a Grammy for Best R&B Album. The album was notable for Khan's covers of Dee Dee Warwick's "Foolish Fool" and Prince's "Sign o' the Times". In 2008, Khan participated in theBroadway adaptation of The Color Purple playing Ms. Sofia to Fantasia Barrino's Celie.[9]
In a 2008 interview Khan said that she, unlike other artists, felt very optimistic about the current changes in the recording industry, including music downloading. "I'm glad things are shifting and artists – not labels – are having more control over their art. My previous big record company (Warner Bros.) has vaults of my recordings that haven't seen the light of day that people need to hear. This includes Robert Palmer's original recording of 'Addicted to Love' – which they took my vocals off of! We are working on getting it (and other tracks) all back now."[8] In 2009, Khan hit the road with singers Anastacia and Lulu for Here Come the Girls.
In 2009, Chaka was guest singer with the song "Alive"[10] on Billy Cobham's album Drum ' n voice 3. In 2010, she contributed to vocals for Beverley Knight's "Soul Survivor", collaborated with Clay Aiken on a song for the kids show Phineas and Ferb, and performed two songs with Japanese singer Ai on Ai's latest album The Last Ai. Khan continues to perform to packed audiences both in her native United States and overseas.
On May 19, 2011, Khan was given the 2,440th Hollywood Walk of Fame star plaque on a section of Hollywood Boulevard in Los Angeles. Her family was present when the singer accepted the honor, as was Stevie Wonder, who had written her breakout hit "Tell Me Something Good". On September 27, 2011, the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame committee announced that Khan and her former band Rufus were jointly nominated for induction to the hall. It was the collective's first nomination 13 years after they were first eligible. The group were nominated partly due to Khan's own storied reputation, including her own solo career in conjunction with her years with Rufus. Recently, Khan rerecorded her song, "Super Life", under the title "Super Life: Fear Kills, Love Heals" with Eric Benet, Kelly Price, and Luke James in tribute to Trayvon Martin, a teenager who was killed on February 26. A number of celebrities also joined in the recording including Loretta Devine, Terry Crews, Eva Pigford, and reporter Kevin Frazier.
On December 6, 2012, Chaka Khan made a controversial decision to perform at a benefit for the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF). The IDF originally invited Stevie Wonder, however after a successful lobbying campaign by the US Campaign to End the Israeli Occupation, Wonder withdrew and was replaced by Khan who was able to raise $14 million for the IDF. This support contravened her earlier support for the Black Panther Party that publicly supported a Free Palestine. [11] [12] [13]
On July 27, 2013, Khan was honored 40 years after signing her first recording contract with a ceremonial renaming of Blackstone Avenue between 50th and 51st street (where her former high school, Kenwood Academy, sits) as Chaka Khan Way and on July 28 the city declared the day Chaka Khan Day. She performed at Millennium Park's Pritzker Pavilion on the 28th.[14] Khan is working on her new album called iKhan which is said to be released in 2015. In August 2014, Khan served as grand marshal at the 85th annualBud Billiken Parade and Picnic in her hometown of Chicago.[15]
On August 27, 2015, Khan was announced as one of the celebrities who will compete on season 21 of Dancing with the Stars.[16] She is paired with professional dancer Keo Motsepe.[17]
Personal life
Khan has been married twice and is the mother of two children, daughter Indira Milini and son Damien Holland. Her first marriage was to Hassan Khan, in 1970, when she was 17. They divorced a short time later. Milini's birth was the result of a relationship between Khan and Rahsaan Morris.[3] Khan married her second husband, Richard Holland, in 1976. The marriage reportedly caused a rift between Khan and several members of Rufus, in particular, Andre Fischer. Khan dated a Chicago-area schoolteacher in the mid-1980s in the middle of her solo stardom. Following their separation, Khan moved to Europe, first settling in London, later buying a residence in Germany.
Khan is vegan, saying she adopted the diet to lose weight and combat high blood pressure and Type-2 diabetes.[18] In the past, Khan struggled with drug abuse and alcoholism. Her drug use, which at times included cocaine and heroin, ended in the early 1990s. Khan had an on-and-off struggle with alcoholism until 2005 declaring herself sober. In 2006, her son Damien Holland was accused of murder after 17-year-old Christopher Bailey was shot to death. Khan testified on her son's behalf defending her son's innocence. Holland claimed the shooting was an accident and was found not guilty.[19] Though she sang at both the 2000 Democratic and Republican conventions, Khan says that she is more of a "Democratic-minded person".[20]
In December 2011, Khan won permanent custody of her granddaughter, Daija Jade Holland, after reporting that Daija's mother, the girlfriend of Khan's son Damien Holland, was unable to raise her due to her drug addiction. The media reported that Khan's son was also addicted to drugs.[21]
Khan was featured in a 2013 episode of Celebrity Ghost Stories where she told the story of a 'shadow man' that followed her on tour for years until she met a guardian angel who admonished her to change her life or die.[22]
Awards
Grammy Awards
To date, Khan has won 10 Grammy Awards, including two as a member of Rufus. She has received 22 Grammy Award nominations, including three as a member of Rufus.
| Year | Nominated work | Award category | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | "Tell Me Something Good" (as Rufus) | Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo, Group Or Chorus | Won |
| 1978 | Ask Rufus (as Rufus) | Nominated | |
| 1979 | "I'm Every Woman" | Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female | Nominated |
| 1982 | What Cha' Gonna Do For Me | Nominated | |
| 1983 | Echoes of an Era | Best Jazz Vocal Performance, Female | Nominated |
| 1984 | Chaka Khan | Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female | Won |
| "Ain't Nobody" (as Rufus) | Best R&B Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocal | Won | |
| "Be Bop Medley" (with Arif Mardin) | Best Vocal Arrangement For Two Or More Voices | Won | |
| 1985 | "I Feel For You" | Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female | Won |
| 1986 | I Feel For You | Nominated | |
| 1987 | Destiny | Nominated | |
| 1991 | "I'll Be Good To You" (with Ray Charles) | Best R&B Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocal | Won |
| 1993 | The Woman I Am | Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female | Won |
| 1996 | "Love Me Still" (with Bruce Hornsby) | Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture Or Television | Nominated |
| 1997 | "Missing You" (with Brandy, Tamia & Gladys Knight) | Best Pop Collaboration With Vocals | Nominated |
| "Never Miss The Water" (with Meshell Ndegeocello) | Best R&B Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocal | Nominated | |
| "Stomp" (with Luke Cresswell, Fiona Wilkes, Carl Smith, Fraser Morrison, Everett Bradley,
Mr. X, Melle Mel, Coolio, Yo-Yo, Charlie Wilson, Shaquille O'Neal & Luniz)
| Nominated | ||
| 1998 | "Summertime" | Best Female R&B Vocal Performance | Nominated |
| 2003 | "What's Going On" (with The Funk Brothers) | Best Traditional R&B Vocal Performance | Won |
| 2007 | "Everyday (Family Reunion)" (with Gerald Levert, Yolanda Adams & Carl Thomas) | Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocals | Nominated |
| 2008 | "Disrespectful" (with Mary J. Blige) | Won | |
| Funk This | Best R&B Album | Won |
Soul Train Awards
- 1998 Lena Horne Award (Career Achievement) (Recipient)
- 2009 Legends Award (Career Achievement) (Recipient)
United Negro College Fund Award
- 2011 UNCF: Award of Excellence (Recipient)
American Music Award nominations
To date, she has had four American Music Award nominations.
- 1985 Favorite Female Artist – Soul/Rhythm & Blues (Nominee only. Award recipient was Tina Turner)
- 1985 Favorite Female Video Artist – Soul/Rhythm & Blues (Nominee only. Award recipient was Tina Turner)
- 1982 Favorite Female Artist – Soul/Rhythm & Blues (Nominee only. Award recipient was Stephanie Mills)
- 1981 Favorite Female Artist – Soul/Rhythm & Blues (Nominee only. Award recipient was Diana Ross)
SoulMusic Hall Of Fame at SoulMusic.com[
- Inducted: Female Artist* (December 2012)
Discography
Main article: Chaka Khan discography
- Chaka (1978)
- Naughty (1980)
- What Cha' Gonna Do for Me (1981)
- Chaka Khan (1982)
- I Feel for You (1984)
- Destiny (1986)
- CK (1988)
- The Woman I Am (1992)
- Come 2 My House (1999)
- ClassiKhan (2004)
- Funk This (2007)
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