BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY
Wesley Snipe
| Wesley Snipes | |
|---|---|
Snipes in September 2009
| |
| Born | Wesley Trent Snipes July 31, 1962 Orlando, Florida, United States |
| Occupation | Actor, film producer, martial artist |
| Years active | 1986–present |
| Spouse(s) | April Dubois (m. 1985–90) Nikki Park (m. 2003) |
| Children | 5 |
Wesley Trent Snipes (born July 31, 1962) is an American actor, film producer and martial artist. He is best known for his role as theMarvel Comics character Blade in the Blade film trilogy. He formed a production company, Amen-Ra Films, in 1991, and a subsidiary, Black Dot Media, to develop projects for film and television. He has been training in martial arts since the age of 12, earning a 5th dan black belt in Shotokan Karate and 2nd dan black belt in Hapkido.[1]
Contents
Early life
Snipes was born in Orlando, Florida, the son of Maryann (née Long), a teacher's assistant, and Wesley Rudolph Snipes, an aircraft engineer.[2][3] He grew up in the Bronx, New York. He attended the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing but moved back to Florida before he could graduate. After graduating from Jones High School in Orlando, Snipes returned to New York and attended the State University of New York at Purchase. He also attended Southwest College in Los Angeles, California.
Career
Acting
At the age of 23, Snipes was discovered by an agent while performing in a competition. He made his film debut in the 1986 Goldie Hawnvehicle Wildcats. Later that year, he appeared on the TV show Miami Vice as a drug-dealing pimp in the episode "Streetwise" (first aired December 5, 1986). In 1987, he appeared as Michael Jackson's nemesis in the Martin Scorsese–directed music video "Bad" and the feature film Streets of Gold. That same year, Snipes was also considered for the role of Geordi La Forge in the TV series Star Trek: The Next Generation, but the role eventually went to LeVar Burton.[4]
Snipes' performance in the music video "Bad" caught the eye of director Spike Lee. Snipes turned down a small role in Lee's Do the Right Thing for the larger part of Willie Mays Hayes in Major League, beginning a succession of box-office hits for Snipes. Lee would later cast Snipes as the jazz saxophonist Shadow Henderson in Mo' Better Blues and as the lead in the interracial romance drama Jungle Fever. He then played Thomas Flanagan in King of New York opposite Christopher Walken. He played the drug lord Nino Brown in New Jack City, which was written specifically for him by Barry Michael Cooper. He also played a drug dealer in the 1994 film Sugar Hill.
Snipes has played a number of roles in action films like Passenger 57, Demolition Man (with Sylvester Stallone), Money Train, The Fan, U.S. Marshals and Rising Sun, as well as comedies like White Men Can't Jump, and To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar where he played a drag queen. Snipes has appeared in dramas like The Waterdance and Disappearing Acts.
In 1997, he won the Best Actor Volpi Cup at the Venice Film Festival for his performance in New Line Cinema's One Night Stand. In 1998, Snipes had his largest commercial success with Blade, which has grossed over $150 million worldwide. The film turned into a series. He also received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and an honorary doctorate from his alma mater, SUNY/Purchase. In 2005, Snipes sued New Line Cinema, and David S. Goyer, director of Blade: Trinity, which Snipes also produced. He claimed that the studio did not pay his full salary, that he was intentionally cut out of casting decisions, and that his character's screen time was reduced in favor of co-stars Ryan Reynolds and Jessica Biel. The suit was later settled, but no details were released.[5] He has discussed reprising the role of Blade as part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, it was his last theatrical release film until 2009.[6]
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He later appeared in The Contractor, filmed in Bulgaria and the UK, Gallowwalkers, released in 2012, and Game Of Death. Snipes was originally slated to play one of the four leads in Spike Lee's 2008 war film Miracle at St. Anna but had to leave the film due to tax problems; his role eventually went to Derek Luke.[7]
Snipes made a comeback performance in Brooklyn's Finest as Casanova "Caz" Phillips, a supporting character, it was his first theatrical release film since 2004. He also had to turn down the part of Hale Caesar in The Expendables because he was not allowed to leave the United States without the court's approval.[8] In 2014, he appeared in the sequel The Expendables 3.
Other ventures
In the late 1990s, Snipes and his brother started a security firm called the Royal Guard of Amen-Ra, dedicated to providing VIPs withbodyguards trained in law enforcement and martial arts. Amen-Ra is also the name of his film company. In 1996, the first film produced by Amen-Ra was A Great And Mighty Walk – Dr. John Henrik Clarke.[9]
In 2000, the business was investigated for alleged ties to the United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors. It emerged that Snipes had spotted 200 acres (0.81 km2) of land near their Tama-Re compound in Putnam County, Georgia, intending to buy and use it for his business academy. Both Snipes' business and the groups used Egyptian motifs as their symbols.[9] Ultimately, Snipes and his brother did not buy the land, instead establishing their company in Florida, Antigua, and Africa.[9]
Personal life
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Snipes began training in martial arts when he was 12 years old. He has a 5th degree black belt in Shotokan karate and a 2nd degree black belt in Hapkido. He has also trained in Capoeira[1] under Mestre Jelon Vieira and in a number of other disciplines including kung fu at theUSA Shaolin Temple[11] and Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and Kickboxing.[citation needed] During his time in New York, Snipes was trained in fighting by his friend and mentor Brooke Ellis.[dead link][12]
Snipes has been married twice, first to April Snipes, with whom he has a son, Jelani Asar Snipes (born 1988). Jelani had a cameo role in Snipes' 1990 film Mo' Better Blues. In 2003, Snipes married painter Nakyung "Nikki" Park (born 1974),[13] with whom he has four children: son Akhenaten Kihwa-T Snipes, daughter Iset Jua-T Snipes (born 2001), son Alaafia Jehu-T Snipes (born 2004), and son Alimayu Moa-T Snipes (born 2007). Snipes spends considerable time in Park's home country of South Korea, which he calls his "second home".[citation needed]
Snipes, who was raised a Christian, converted to Islam in 1978, but left Islam in 1988. During a 1991 interview, Snipes said "Islam made me more conscious of what African people have accomplished, of my self-worth, and gave me some self-dignity".[14]
Snipes' apartment was destroyed by the collapse of the World Trade Center's Twin Towers during the September 11 attacks. He was on the West Coast at the time.[12]
Income tax conviction
On October 12, 2006, Snipes, Eddie Ray Kahn, and Douglas P. Rosile were charged with one count of conspiring to defraud the United States and one count of knowingly making or aiding and abetting the making of a false and fraudulent claim for payment against the United States. Snipes was also charged with six counts of willfully failing to file federal income tax returns by their filing dates.[15] The conspiracy charge against Snipes alleged that he filed a false amended return, including a false tax refund claim of over $4 million for the year 1996, and a false amended return, including a false tax refund claim of over US$7.3 million for the year 1997. The government alleged that Snipes attempted to obtain fraudulent tax refunds using a tax protester theory called the "861 argument" (essentially, an argument that the domestic income of U.S. citizens and residents is not taxable). The government also charged that Snipes sent three worthless, fictitious "bills of exchange" for $14 million to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).[16]
The government also charged that Snipes failed to file tax returns for the years 1999 through 2004. Snipes responded to his indictment in a letter on December 4, 2006, declaring himself to be "a non-resident alien" of the United States; in reality, Snipes is a birthright U.S. citizen.[17] Snipes said he was being made an example of and was unfairly targeted by prosecutors because of his fame in connection with the federal tax fraud investigation.
On February 1, 2008, Snipes was acquitted on the felony count of conspiracy to defraud the government and on the felony count of filing a false claim with the government. He was, however, found guilty on three misdemeanor counts of failing to file federal income tax returns (and acquitted on three other "failure to file" charges). His co-defendants, Douglas P. Rosile and Eddie Ray Kahn, were convicted on the conspiracy and false claim charges in connection with the income tax refund claims filed for Snipes.[18][19]
On April 24, 2008, Snipes was sentenced to three years in prison for willful failure to file federal income tax returns under 26 U.S.C. § 7203.[20][21][22] Kahn was sentenced to 10 years in prison and Rosile was sentenced to four and half years in prison.[23] The United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit affirmed Snipes's convictions in a 35-page decision issued on July 16, 2010.[24][25][26] Snipes reported to federal prison on December 9, 2010, to begin his three-year sentence,[27][28] and was held at McKean Federal Correctional Institution, a federal prison in Pennsylvania.[29] On June 6, 2011, the United States Supreme Court declined to hear Snipes' appeal.[30][31][32] Snipes was released on April 2, 2013.[33]
Filmography
Film
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Wildcats | Trumaine | |
| 1987 | Critical Condition | Ambulance Driver | |
| 1987 | Streets of Gold | Roland Jenkins | |
| 1987 | Bad | Mini Max | Short film |
| 1989 | Major League | "Willie Mays" Hayes | |
| 1990 | Mo' Better Blues | Shadow Handerson | |
| 1990 | King of New York | Thomas Flanigan | |
| 1991 | New Jack City | Nino Brown | Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Villain |
| 1991 | Jungle Fever | Flipper "Flip" Purify | |
| 1992 | The Waterdance | Raymond Hill | |
| 1992 | White Men Can't Jump | Sidney "Syd" Deane | |
| 1992 | Passenger 57 | John Cutter | |
| 1993 | Boiling Point | Jimmy Mercer | |
| 1993 | Rising Sun | Lt. Webster "Web" Smith | |
| 1993 | Demolition Man | Simon Phoenix | Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Villain |
| 1994 | Sugar Hill | Roemello Skugs | |
| 1994 | Drop Zone | Pete Nessip | |
| 1995 | To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar | Noxeema Jackson | |
| 1995 | Money Train | John | |
| 1995 | Waiting to Exhale | James Wheeler | Uncredited |
| 1996 | The Fan | Bobby "Bob" Rayburn | |
| 1997 | Murder at 1600 | Detective Harlan Regis | |
| 1997 | One Night Stand | Maximilian "Max" Carlyle | Volpi Cup for Best Actor – Venice Film Festival |
| 1998 | Jackie Chan: My Story | Himself | Documentary |
| 1998 | U.S. Marshals | Mark J. Sheridan / Mark Warren / Mark Roberts | |
| 1998 | Blade | Eric Brooks / Blade | Fight choreographer, producer |
| 1998 | Down in the Delta | Will Sinclair | Executive producer |
| 1998 | Masters of the Martial Arts | Himself | Documentary |
| 1999 | Play It to the Bone | Ringside Fan #2 | Cameo |
| 2000 | The Art of War | Neil Shaw | |
| 2002 | Blade II | Eric Brooks / Blade | Fight choreographer, producer |
| 2002 | Liberty Stands Still | Joe | |
| 2002 | ZigZag | David "Dave" Fletcher | |
| 2002 | Undisputed | Monroe "Undisputed" Hutchens | Producer |
| 2004 | Unstoppable | Dean Cage | |
| 2004 | Blade: Trinity | Eric Brooks / Blade | Producer Snipes's last widely released until 2009 |
| 2005 | 7 Seconds | Jack Tulliver | Direct-to-video |
| 2005 | The Marksman | Painter | Direct-to-video |
| 2005 | Chaos | Jason York Scott Curtis Lorenz | Direct-to-video |
| 2006 | The Detonator | Sonni Griffith | Direct-to-video |
| 2006 | Hard Luck | Lucky | Direct-to-video |
| 2007 | The Contractor | James Jackson Dial | Direct-to-video |
| 2008 | The Art of War II: Betrayal | Neil Shaw | Direct-to-video |
| 2009 | Brooklyn's Finest | Casanova "Caz" Phillips | Black Reel Award for Best Supporting Actor Snipes's first widely released since 2004 |
| 2010 | Game of Death | Agent Marcus Jones | Direct-to-video |
| 2012 | Gallowwalkers | Aman | Direct-to-video |
| 2014 | The Expendables 3 | Doc | |
| 2015 | Chi-Raq | Cyclops |
Television
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Miami Vice | Silk | Episode: "Streetwise" |
| 1987 | Vietnam War Story | Young Soldier | Episode: "An Old Ghost Walks the Earth" |
| 1989 | A Man Called Hawk | Nicholas Murdock | Episode: "Choice of Chance" |
| 1989 | The Days and Nights of Molly Dodd | Hood | Episode: "Here's Why You Should Always Make Your Bed in the Morning" |
| 1990 | H.E.L.P. | Lou Barton | |
| 1996 | America's Dream | George Du Vail | |
| 1997 | Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child | The Pied Piper | Episode: "The Pied Piper" |
| 1998 | Futuresport | Obike Fixx | Television film |
| 2000 | Disappearing Acts | Franklin Swift | Producer |
| 2003 | The Bernie Mac Show | Duke | Episode: "Rope-a-Dope" |
| 2015 | The Player | Mr. Johnson | Main role |
Stage
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Execution of Justice | Sister Boom Boom | Broadway |
Awards and nominations
| Award | Category | Title | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| MTV Movie Awards | Best Fight | Blade | Nominated |
| MTV Movie Awards | Best Villain | Demolition Man | Won |
| MTV Movie Awards | Best Screen Duo | White Men Can't Jump | Nominated |
| MTV Movie Awards | Best Villain | New Jack City | Nominated |
| MTV Movie Awards | Best Kiss | White Men Can't Jump | Nominated |
| Venice Film Festival | Best Actor (Volpi Cup) | One Night Stand | Won |
| Hollywood Walk of Fame | 7020 Hollywood Blvd | Himself | |
| Independent Spirit Awards | Best Supporting Actor | The Waterdance | Nominated |
| Image Awards | Outstanding Lead Actor in a Television Movie or Mini-Series | America's Dream | Won |
| Image Awards | Outstanding Lead Actor in a Motion Picture | New Jack City | Won |
| CableACE Awards | Best Actor in a Dramatic Series | Vietnam War Story | Won |
| Blockbuster Entertainment Awards | Favorite Duo – Action/Adventure | U.S. Marshals | Nominated |
| Blockbuster Entertainment Awards | Favorite Actor – Horror | Blade | Won |
| Black Reel Awards | Best Actor (Motion Picture) | Undisputed | Nominated |
| Black Reel Awards | Network/Cable – Best Actor | Disappearing Acts | Nominated |
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