BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY
Art Shell
Art Shell in 2006.
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No. 78
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| Tackle | |||||||||
Personal information
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| Date of birth: November 26, 1946 | |||||||||
| Place of birth: Charleston, South Carolina | |||||||||
Career information
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| High school: North Charleston (SC) Bonds-Wilson | |||||||||
| College: Maryland State | |||||||||
| NFL Draft: 1968 / Round: 3 / Pick: 80 | |||||||||
| Debuted in 1968 for the Oakland Raiders | |||||||||
| Last played in 1982 for the Los Angeles Raiders | |||||||||
| Coaching debut in 1983 for the Los Angeles Raiders | |||||||||
| Last coached in 2006 for the Oakland Raiders | |||||||||
Career history
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| As player: | |||||||||
| As coach: | |||||||||
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Career highlights and awards
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Career NFL statistics
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| Coaching stats at pro-football-reference.com | |||||||||
Arthur Lee "Art" Shell, Jr.[1][2] (born November 26, 1946) is an American former collegiate and professional football player in the American Football League and later in the NFL, a Hall of Fame offensive tackle, and a two-time former head coach of theOakland Raiders. He holds the distinction of becoming the second-ever African American head coach in the history of professional football, and the first in the sport's modern era.
Playing career
Shell was drafted by the American Football League's Oakland Raiders from Maryland State College. Playing offensive tackle, Shell participated in 24 playoff contests, including Super Bowls XI and XV, and was named to eight Pro Bowls.
Shell was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1989. In 1999, he was ranked number 55 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Football Players.
Coaching career
Los Angeles Raiders
Through Al Davis, Shell is a member of the Sid Gillman coaching tree. As coach of the Raiders (at the time located in Los Angeles), Shell compiled a record of 54 wins, 38 losses, and was named AFC Coach of the Year in 1990, when the Raiders won the AFC West division with a 12-4 record, and advanced to the AFC championship game in the playoffs, becoming the first African-American coach to lead the team to the Conference Championship game. Al Davis, owner of the Raiders, fired Shell after a 9-7 season in 1994, a move Davis later called "a mistake".
After the Raiders
After leaving the Raiders, Shell went on to coaching positions with the Kansas City Chiefs and Atlanta Falcons, before serving as a senior vice president for the NFL, in charge of football operations.
2006 return to Raiders
Shell was officially re-hired by the Raiders as head coach on February 11, 2006. After leading the team to its worst record (2 wins, 14 losses) since 1963, Shell was fired for the second time as Head Coach of the Raiders on January 4, 2007.[3]Although the Raiders' defense was one of the best in the league, its anemic offense, along with a season long feud with wide receiver Jerry Porter led to the team's downfall.
Coaching tree
Shell has worked under four NFL head coaches:
- Tom Flores, Los Angeles Raiders (1983–1987)
- Mike Shanahan, Los Angeles Raiders (1988–1989)
- Marty Schottenheimer, Kansas City Chiefs (1995–1996)
- Dan Reeves, Atlanta Falcons (1997–2000)
Five of Shell's assistant coaches have become NFL head coaches:
- Mike White, Oakland Raiders (1995–1996)
- Gunther Cunningham, Kansas City Chiefs, (1999–2000)
- Jim Haslett, New Orleans Saints (2000–2005), St. Louis Rams (2008)
- John Fox, Carolina Panthers (2002–2010), Denver Broncos (2011–present)
- Chuck Pagano, Indianapolis Colts (2012–present)
Head coaching record
| Team | Year | Regular Season | Post Season | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Won | Lost | Ties | Win % | Finish | Won | Lost | Win % | Result | ||
| LA | 1989 | 7 | 5 | 0 | .583 | 3rd in AFC West | - | - | - | - |
| LA | 1990 | 12 | 4 | 0 | .750 | 1st in AFC West | 1 | 1 | .500 | Lost to Buffalo Bills in AFC Championship Game. |
| LA | 1991 | 9 | 7 | 0 | .563 | 3rd in AFC West | 0 | 1 | .000 | Lost to Kansas City Chiefs in AFC Wild-Card Game. |
| LA | 1992 | 7 | 9 | 0 | .438 | 4th in AFC West | - | - | - | - |
| LA | 1993 | 10 | 6 | 0 | .625 | 2nd in AFC West | 1 | 1 | .500 | Lost to Buffalo Bills in AFC Divisional Game. |
| LA | 1994 | 9 | 7 | 0 | .563 | 3rd in AFC West | - | - | - | - |
| OAK | 2006 | 2 | 14 | 0 | .125 | 4th in AFC West | - | - | - | - |
| Raiders' Total | 56 | 52 | 0 | .518 | 2 | 3 | .400 | |||
| Total[4] | 56 | 52 | 0 | .518 | 2 | 3 | .400 | |||
Personal
Shell attended Bonds-Wilson High School in North Charleston, South Carolina. The school is no longer in existence. Shell is an alumnus of Maryland State College, now known as The University of Maryland Eastern Shore, located in Princess Anne, Maryland. Shell is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. In 2013 he was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame. He hosts an annual celebrity golf tournament.
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