BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY Ivie Anderson

BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY

Ivie Anderson

Background information
Birth name	Ivie Anderson
Also known as	Ivy Anderson
Born	July 10, 1905^[1] Gilroy, California, United States^[2]
Died	December 28, 1949 (aged 44) Los Angeles, California, United States
Genres	Jazz
Occupations	Singer
Instruments	Vocals
Associated acts	Duke Ellington

Ivie Anderson (sometimes Ivy) (July 10, 1905 – December 28, 1949) was an American jazz singer born in Gilroy, California. Though her mother's name is unknown, her father was Jobe Smith. Anderson lived at 724 E. 42nd Place, Los Angeles, from 1930 to 1945, now part of the 52nd Place Historic District.^[2]

Personal life

From age nine to thirteen, Anderson attended St. Mary’s Convent and studied voice. At Gilroy grammar and high school, she joined glee club and choral society. She also studied voice under Sara Ritt while in Nunnie H. Burroughs Institution in Washington D.C.^[2]

Although specific dates of events in Anderson's life were unknown, she opened Ivie's Chicken Shack in Los Angeles alongside Marque Neal after they had married but sold the business when they divorced. She had a second marriage with Walter Collins but no children.^[2]

After suffering for years from asthma, Ivie Anderson died in Los Angeles, California. Though her earliest obituary was dated as December 27, 1949; all other sources states her date of death as December 28, 1949.^[2] She is interred in Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery.^[3]

Anderson lived at 724 E. 52nd Place from 1930 to 1945 (now part of the 52nd Place Historic District.

Career

Shuffle Along

Anderson’s singing career officially started around 1921 when she performed in Los Angeles, California. From 1922 to 1923, she was brought to New York City by joining a pioneering African-American musical revenue Shuffle Along. By 1924 and 1925, she had already performed in various locations such as Cuba, the Cotton Club in New York City, and Los Angeles with the bands of Paul Howard, Curtis Mosby, and Sonny Clay. In 1928, she sang in Australia with Clay’s band and starred in Frank Sebastian's Cotton Club in Los Angeles in April. Soon after, she finally began touring in the United States as a solo singer.^[2]

Duke Ellington's band

From 1930 to early 1931, Anderson spent twenty weeks at the Grand Terrace in Chicago, Illinois, with pianist Earl Hines’s band. In February 1931, she officially joined Duke Ellington’s orchestra band. Anderson’s singing career for the next dozen years was mainly based on touring in various areas within the United States alongside Ellington’s band. She sang in Ellington’s first European performance in 1933.^[2]

Distinguished Jazz critic Nat Hentoff described Anderson as "easily the sensitive and musical female vocalist Ellington ever had". She "sang with a simplicity ... so artless that she is ... remarkably neglected in ... writings about jazz." She "sang with a supple warmth and caressing beat that made her one of the unforgettable voices in Jazz." He also calls her "direct, completely unpretentious and ungimmicked".

Anderson was very popular as an entertainer with Ellington as well, often receiving prominent billing on advertisements for Ellington's appearances in theatres, auditoriums, arenas and ballrooms, wherever the Ellington band toured in the 1930's. She had become the band's scat singer, imitating instrumental sounds and various vocalizations. Later on, she even began singing lively pop tunes and ballads, which became her signature singing style. She was said to be one of Ellington's finest and most versatile singer after the Swedish vocalist, Alice Babs who also sang in his band. Ellington also wrote Music Is My Mistress (1973) with Anderson in mind.^[2]

When she played in Ellington's musical Jump for Joy, the California Eagle wrote of her: "Ivie can sing a song so that the audience get every word, and at the same time make cracks at Sonny Greer, tease Duke and wink at the boys in the front row. Wednesday night she went into a dance routine that would have slayed you."^[4] Her performance of "Stormy Weather" in the movie short Bundle of Blues (1933) was only eclipsed by the later and far better-known version sung by Lena Horne in Horne's later movie with that title (1943). Ellington's indifference towards vocalists changed with the hiring of Anderson, who was generally considered the best regular vocalist he ever employed. She also appeared as a singer in the Marx Brothers movie A Day at the Races (1937) and the same year in Hit Parade of 1937 (as Ivy Anderson). Due to chronic asthma, Anderson left Ellington's band in 1942.^[2]

Discography[e

Ellington songs featuring Anderson include:

1932

"It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)" (Brunswick 6265) February 2, 1932
"Delta Bound" (Columbia 37298) December 21, 1932 (not issued until the 1940s)

1933

"I've Got the World on a String" (UK Columbia CB-625) February 15, 1933 (recorded in New York but only issued overseas)
"Happy as the Day Is Long" (Brunswick 6571) May 9, 1933
"Raisin' the Rent" (Brunswick 6571) May 9, 1933
"Get Yourself a New Broom (and Sweep Your Blues Away)" (Brunswick 6607) May 9, 1933
"I'm Satisfied" (Brunswick 6638) August 15, 1933

1934

"Ebony Rhapsody" (Victor 24622) April 12, 1934
"Troubled Waters" (Victor 24651) May 9, 1934
"My Old Flame" (Victor 24651) May 9, 1934

1935

"Let's Have a Jubilee" (unissued on 78) January 9, 1935
"Cotton" (Brunswick 7525) August 19, 1935
"Truckin'" (Brunswick 7514) August 19, 1935

1936

"Dinah Lou" (unissued on 78) January 20, 1936
"Isn't Love the Strangest Thing?" (Brunswick 7625) February 27, 1936
"Love Is Like a Cigarette" (Brunswick 7627) February 28, 1936
"Kissin' My Baby Goodnight" (Brunswick 7627) February 28, 1936
"Oh Babe! Maybe Someday" (Brunswick 7667) February 28, 1936
"Shoe Shine Boy" (Brunswick 7710) July 17, 1936
"It Was a Sad Night in Harlem" (Brunswick 7710) July 17, 1936

1937

"I've Got To Be a Rug Cutter" (Master MA-101) March 5, 1937
"My Honey's Lovin' Arms" (as The Gotham Stompers) (Variety VA-629) March 25, 1937
"Did Anyone Ever Tell You?" (as The Gotham Stompers) (Variety VA-541) March 25, 1937
"Where Are You?" (as The Gotham Stompers) (Variety VA-541) March 25, 1937

(The Gotham Stompers session included members of Ellington's band plus members of Chick Webb's.)

"There's a Lull in My Life" (Master MA-117) April 9, 1937
"It's Swell of You" (Master MA-117) April 9, 1937
"The Old Plantation" (as Ivie Anderson And Her Boys From Dixie) (Variety VA-591) April 22, 1937
"All God's Chillun Got Rhythm" (as Ivie Anderson And Her Boys From Dixie) (Variety VA-591) June 8, 1937
"Alabamy Home" (Master VA-137) June 8, 1937

1938

"If You Were in My Place (What Would You Do?)" (Brunswick 8093) February 24, 1938
"Scrounch" (Brunswick 8093) February 24, 1938
"Carnival in Caroline" (Brunswick 8099) March 3, 1938
"Swingtime in Honolulu" (Brunswick 8131) April 11, 1938
"You Gave Me the Gate (and I'm Swingin')" (Brunswick 8169) June 7, 1938
"Rose of the Rio Grande" (Brunswick 8186) June 7, 1938
"When My Sugar Walks Down the Street" (Brunswick 8168) June 7, 1938
"Watermelon Man" (Brunswick 8200) June 20, 1938
"La De Doody Do" (Brunswick 8174) June 20, 1938