BLACK SOCIAL HISTORY : APARTARIED IN SOUTH AFRICA: THE BLACK SUFFERING IN AFRICA:

 South Africa was colonized by the English and Dutch in the 17th century. English domination of the Dutch descendents known as Boers or Afrikaners resulted in the Dutch establishing the new colonies of Orange Free State and Transvaal. The discover of diamonds in these lands around 1900 resulted in an English invasion which  sparked the Boer war. Following Independence from England an uneasy power-sharing between the two groups sway until 1940's when the Afrikaner National Party was able to gain a strong majority. The strategists in the National Party invented Apartheid means to cement their control over the economic and social system initially aim of the apartheid was to maintain white domination while extending racial  separation.

Starting in the 60's a plan of " Grand Apartheid " was executed emphasizing territorial separation and police repression with the enactment of apartheid laws of 1948 racial discrimination was Institutionalized Race Laws touch every aspect of social life including a prohibition of marriage between non-white and whites and sanctioning of "White-Only" jobs. In 1950 the Population Registration Act required that all South Africans be racially classified into one of three categories: White, African and Colored.